Package structure

ABSTRACT

A structure including a wiring substrate, an interposer disposed on and electrically connected to the wiring substrate, a semiconductor die disposed on and electrically connected to the interposer, a first insulating encapsulation disposed on the interposer, a second insulating encapsulation disposed on the wiring substrate, and a lid is provided. The semiconductor die is laterally encapsulated by the first insulating encapsulation. The semiconductor die and the first insulating encapsulation are laterally encapsulated by the second insulating encapsulation. A top surface of the first insulating encapsulation is substantially leveled with a top surface of the second insulating encapsulation and a surface of the semiconductor die. The lid is disposed on the semiconductor die, the first insulating encapsulation and the second insulating encapsulation.

BACKGROUND

The semiconductor industry has experienced rapid growth due tocontinuous improvements in the integration density of a variety ofelectronic components (e.g., transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors,etc.). For the most part, this improvement in integration density hascome from repeated reductions in minimum feature size, which allows morecomponents to be integrated into a given area. As the demand forminiaturization, higher speed and greater bandwidth, as well as lowerpower consumption and latency has grown recently, there has grown a needfor smaller and thermally enhanced packaging techniques of semiconductordies.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Aspects of the present disclosure are best understood from the followingdetailed description when read with the accompanying figures. It isnoted that, in accordance with the standard practice in the industry,various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of thevarious features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity ofdiscussion.

FIG. 1 through FIG. 7 are cross-sectional views schematicallyillustrating a process flow for fabricating a package structure inaccordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 through FIG. 12 are cross-sectional views schematicallyillustrating various package structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13A through FIG. 13G are top views schematically illustratingvarious reinforcement structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are cross-sectional views schematically illustratingvarious package structures in accordance with some alternativeembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16A through FIG. 16E are top views schematically illustratingvarious reinforcement structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 through FIG. 21 are cross-sectional views schematicallyillustrating various package structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, orexamples, for implementing different features of the provided subjectmatter. Specific examples of components and arrangements are describedbelow to simplify the present disclosure. These are, of course, merelyexamples and are not intended to be limiting. For example, the formationof a first feature over or on a second feature in the description thatfollows may include embodiments in which the first and second featuresare formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in whichadditional features may be formed between the first and second features,such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact. Inaddition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/orletters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose ofsimplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationshipbetween the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.

Further, spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,”“above,” “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease ofdescription to describe one element or feature's relationship to anotherelement(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. The spatiallyrelative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of thedevice in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted inthe figures. The apparatus may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degreesor at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors usedherein may likewise be interpreted accordingly.

Other features and processes may also be included. For example, testingstructures may be included to aid in the verification testing of the 3Dpackaging or 3DIC devices. The testing structures may include, forexample, test pads formed in a redistribution layer or on a substratethat allows the testing of the 3D packaging or 3DIC, the use of probesand/or probe cards, and the like. The verification testing may beperformed on intermediate structures as well as the final structure.Additionally, the structures and methods disclosed herein may be used inconjunction with testing methodologies that incorporate intermediateverification of known good dies to increase the yield and decreasecosts.

FIG. 1 through FIG. 7 are cross-sectional views schematicallyillustrating a process flow for fabricating a package structure inaccordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 1, an interposer wafer W including interposers INTarranged in array is provided. The interposer wafer W may be a siliconinterposer wafer including multiple silicon interposers or othersuitable semiconductor interposer wafer. The interposer wafer W mayinclude a substrate 110, bump pads 112 disposed on an upper surface ofthe substrate 110, bump pads 114 disposed on a lower surface of thesubstrate 110, and through semiconductor vias (TSVs) 116 penetratingthrough the substrate 110, wherein the bump pads 112 are electricallyconnected to the bump pads 114 through the TSVs 116. Semiconductor dies120 a and semiconductor dies 120 b are provided and mounted on a surfaceof the interposer wafer W such that the semiconductor dies 120 a andsemiconductor dies 120 b are electrically connected to the interposersINT of the interposer wafer W. In some embodiments, the semiconductordies 120 a and semiconductor dies 120 b are electrically connected tothe bump pads 112 of the interposer wafer W through conductive bumps 122a and conductive bumps 122 b. The conductive bumps 122 a are locatedbetween the semiconductor dies 120 a and the bump pads 112, and theconductive bumps 122 b are located between the semiconductor dies 120 band the bump pads 112. In some embodiments, the conductive bumps 122 amay be formed on the semiconductor dies 120 a before the semiconductordies 120 a are mounted on the interposer wafer W, and the conductivebumps 122 b may be formed on the semiconductor dies 120 b before thesemiconductor dies 120 b are mounted on the interposer wafer W. Theconductive bumps 122 a may be formed through a wafer-level bumpingprocess performed on semiconductor wafers including the semiconductordies 120 a arranged in array, and the conductive bumps 122 b may beformed through another wafer-level bumping process performed onsemiconductor wafers including the semiconductor dies 120 b arranged inarray. In some embodiments, the semiconductor dies 120 a includes logicdies, System-on-Chip (SoC) dies or other suitable semiconductor dies,and the semiconductor dies 120 b includes High Bandwidth Memory (HBM)cubes each having stacked memory dies or other suitable semiconductordies.

In some embodiments, the conductive bumps 122 a and the conductive bumps122 b include micro bumps. The conductive bumps 122 a and the conductivebumps 122 b may each include a copper (Cu) pillar covered by a nickel(Ni) cap, and the nickel (Ni) cap may be electrically connected to thebump pads 112 through solder material. For example, the solder materialincludes Sn—Ag solder material or other suitable solder material.

After the semiconductor dies 120 a and the semiconductor dies 120 b aremounted on and electrically connected to the interposer wafer W throughthe conductive bumps 122 a and the conductive bumps 122 b, underfillsUF1 are formed over the interposer wafer W to fill gaps between thesemiconductor dies 120 a and the interposer wafer W as well as gapsbetween the semiconductor dies 120 b and the interposer wafer W. Theconductive bumps 122 a and the conductive bumps 122 b are laterallyencapsulated and protected by the underfills UF1 such that damage of theconductive bumps 122 a and the conductive bumps 122 b resulted fromCoefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) mismatch between the interposerwafer W and the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b may be prevented.Accordingly, reliability of the conductive bumps 122 a and theconductive bumps 122 b may be improved.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, an insulating material 130 is formedover the interposer wafer W to cover the semiconductor dies 120 a andthe semiconductor dies 120 b. The insulating material 130 may be formedby an over-molding process or a deposition process followed by a removalprocess. In some embodiments, an insulating material 130 such as epoxyresin is formed on the interposer wafer W to cover the back surfaces andsidewalls of the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b through anover-molding process, and a grinding process, a chemical mechanicalpolishing (CMP) process or other suitable removal process is thenperformed to remove portions of the epoxy resin until the back surfacesof the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are revealed. In somealternative embodiments, an insulating material 130 such astetraethoxysilane (TEOS) formed oxide is formed on the interposer waferW to cover back surfaces and sidewalls of the semiconductor dies 120 aand 120 b through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, and agrinding process, a CMP process or other suitable removal process isthen performed to remove portions of the TEOS formed oxide until theback surfaces of the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are revealed.After performing the above-mentioned removal process, as illustrated inFIG. 3, an insulating encapsulation 130 a is formed to laterallyencapsulate the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b, and the top surfaceof the insulating encapsulation 130 a is substantially leveled with theback surfaces of the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b.

In some embodiments, during the removal process of the insulatingmaterial 130, the insulating material 130, the semiconductor dies 120 aand the semiconductor dies 120 b are partially removed such that thethickness of the semiconductor dies 120 a and the semiconductor dies 120b is reduced.

A wafer-level bumping process may be performed such that conductivebumps 140 are formed over bump pads 114 of the interposer wafer W. Insome embodiments, the wafer-level bumping process for forming theconductive bumps 140 is performed before formation of the insulatingencapsulation 130 a. In some alternative embodiments, the wafer-levelbumping process for forming the conductive bumps 140 is performed afterformation of the insulating encapsulation 130 a.

After forming the insulating encapsulation 130 a and the conductivebumps 140, a reconstructed wafer W1 including the interposer wafer W,the semiconductor dies 120 a, the semiconductor dies 120 b, theunderfills UF1, the insulating encapsulation 130 a, and the conductivebumps 140 is formed.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a wafer saw process is then performedalong scribe lines SL such that the reconstructed wafer W1 is singulatedinto multiple singulated structures SS. The singulated structures SS mayeach include an interposer INT, at least one semiconductor die 120 a, atleast one semiconductor dies 120 b, conductive bumps 122 a, conductivebumps 122 b, an underfill UF1, an insulating encapsulation 130 a′, andconductive bumps 140. The conductive bumps 122 a are electricallyconnected between the semiconductor die 120 a and the interposer INT.The conductive bumps 122 b are electrically connected between thesemiconductor die 120 b and the interposer INT. The underfill UF1laterally encapsulates the conductive bumps 122 a and 122 b. Theunderfill UF1 may further cover sidewalls of the semiconductor dies 120a and 120 b. The insulating encapsulation 130 a′ laterally encapsulatesthe semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b, wherein sidewalls of theinsulating encapsulation 130 a′ are substantially aligned with sidewallsof the interposer INT. Furthermore, the conductive bumps 122 a and 122 bare disposed on a surface (e.g., an upper surface) of the interposerINT, and the conductive bumps 140 are disposed on another surface (e.g.,a lower surface) of the interposer INT.

Referring to FIG. 5, a wiring substrate 150 including conductiveterminals 152 formed thereon is provided. In some embodiments, thewiring substrate 150 includes a dielectric core layer, build-up orlaminated dielectric layers stacked over opposite surfaces of thedielectric core layer, conductive wiring layers embedded in the build-upor laminated dielectric layers, conductive vias penetrating through thedielectric core layer and the build-up or laminated dielectric layers.The conductive terminals 150 is formed on a lower surface of the wiringsubstrate 150 and electrically connected to the bottommost conductivewiring layer of the wiring substrate 150.

At least one of the singulated structures SS singulated from thereconstructed wafer W1 illustrated in FIG. 3 may be picked-up and placedon an upper surface of the wiring substrate 150. The singulatedstructure SS is electrically connected to the conductive wirings of thewiring substrate 150 through the conductive bumps 140. After the atleast one singulated structure SS is mounted on the wiring substrate150, an underfill UF2 may be formed to fill a gap between the wiringsubstrate 150 and the interposer INT of the singulated structure SS. Theconductive bumps 140 are laterally encapsulated and protected by theunderfill UF2 such that damage of the conductive bumps 140 resulted fromCTE mismatch between the interposer INT and the wiring substrate 150 maybe prevented. Accordingly, reliability of the conductive bumps 140 maybe improved.

In some embodiments, the underfill UF2 not only fills the gap betweenthe wiring substrate 150 and the interposer INT of the singulatedstructure SS, but also covers sidewalls of the singulated structure SS.As illustrated in FIG. 5, the underfill UF2 not only fills the gapbetween the wiring substrate 150 and the interposer INT of thesingulated structure SS, but also covers sidewalls of the interposer INTand sidewalls of the insulating encapsulation 130 a′.

Referring to FIG. 6, an insulating material is formed over the wiringsubstrate 150 to cover the underfill UF2 and the singulated structure SSmounted on the wiring substrate 150. The insulating material may beformed by an over-molding process or a deposition process followed by aremoval process. In some embodiments, an insulating material such asepoxy resin is formed on the interposer wafer W to cover the backsurfaces and sidewalls of the singulated structure SS through anover-molding process, and a grinding process, a chemical mechanicalpolishing (CMP) process or other suitable removal process is thenperformed to remove portions of the epoxy resin until the back surfacesof the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b in the singulated structure SSare revealed. In some alternative embodiments, an insulating materialsuch as tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) formed oxide is formed on theinterposer wafer W to cover back surfaces and sidewalls of thesingulated structure SS through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD)process, and a grinding process, a CMP process or other suitable removalprocess is then performed to remove portions of the TEOS formed oxideuntil the back surfaces of the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b in thesingulated structure SS are revealed. After performing theabove-mentioned removal process, an insulating encapsulation 160 isformed, and the top surface of the insulating encapsulation 160 issubstantially leveled with the back surfaces of the semiconductor dies120 a and 120 b in the singulated structure SS.

Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the top surface of the insulatingencapsulation 160 is substantially leveled with the top surface of theinsulating encapsulation 130 a′ and the top surfaces of thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b, and sidewalls of the insulatingencapsulation 160 are substantially aligned with sidewalls of the wiringsubstrate 150. In some alternative embodiments, the top surface of theinsulating encapsulation 160 is substantially leveled with the topsurface of the insulating encapsulation 130 a′ and the top surfaces ofthe semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b, and sidewalls of the insulatingencapsulation 160 keep a lateral distance from sidewalls of the wiringsubstrate 150.

Referring to FIG. 7, after forming the insulating encapsulation 160, athermal interface material (TIM) 170 and an adhesive 180 are applied tocover the singulated structure SS and the insulating encapsulation 160.The thermal interface material 170 may cover the top surface of thesingulated structure SS and a portion of the top surface of theinsulating encapsulation 160, and the adhesive 180 may cover the restportion of the top surface of the insulating encapsulation 160. Thematerial of the thermal interface material 170 may include metallic TIM,such as indium (In) sheet or film, indium foil, indium solder, silver(Ag) paste, silver alloy or combination thereof. The thermal interfacematerial 170 may also be polymer-based TIM with thermal conductivefillers. Applicable thermal conductive filler materials may includealuminum oxide, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum, copper,silver, indium, a combination thereof, or the like. The thermalinterface material 170 may include film-based or sheet-based materialsuch as sheet with synthesized carbon nano-tube (CNT) structureintegrated into the sheet, thermal conductive sheet with verticallyoriented graphite fillers or the like, and the material of the adhesive180 may include thermally conductive adhesive or epoxy-based adhesive orthe like. A lid 190 is then provided over and attached to the thermalinterface material 170 and the adhesive 180. The lid 190 is thermallycoupled to the back surfaces of the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 bin the singulated structure SS through the thermal interface material170, and the lid 190 is adhered with the top surface of the insulatingencapsulation 160 through the adhesive 180. The material of the lid 190may include copper, aluminum, cobalt, copper coated with nickel,stainless steel, tungsten, silver diamond, aluminum silicon carbide orthe like. Furthermore, the lid 190 may serve and function as a heatsink.

In some alternative embodiments, not illustrated in figures, the topsurface of the singulated structure SS and the top surface of theinsulating encapsulation 160 are covered by the thermal interfacematerial 170, and formation of the adhesive 180 is omitted. In otherwords, the lid 190 is attached to the singulated structure SS and theinsulating encapsulation 160 through the thermal interface material 170.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, after forming the lid 190, aChip-on-Wafer-on-Substrate (CoWoS) package structure P1 is formed. TheCoWoS package structure P1 includes a wiring substrate 150, aninterposer INT disposed on and electrically connected to the wiringsubstrate 150, semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b disposed on andelectrically connected to the interposer INT, a first insulatingencapsulation 130 a′ disposed on the interposer INT, a second insulatingencapsulation 160 disposed on the wiring substrate 150, and a lid 190 isprovided. The semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are laterallyencapsulated by the first insulating encapsulation 130 a′. Thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b and the first insulatingencapsulation 130 a′ are laterally encapsulated by the second insulatingencapsulation 160. Sidewalls of the lid 190 are substantially alignedwith sidewalls of the second insulating encapsulation 160 and sidewallsof the wiring substrate 150. The lid 190 is disposed on thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b, the first insulating encapsulation130 a′ and the second insulating encapsulation 160. In some embodiments,the CoWoS package structure P1 further includes an adhesive 180 and athermal interface material 170, wherein the adhesive is disposed betweenthe second insulating encapsulation 160 and the lid 190, and the thermalinterface material 170 is disposed between the semiconductor dies 120 aand 120 b and the lid 190. In some embodiments, a first top surface ofthe first insulating encapsulation 130 a′ is substantially leveled witha second top surface of the second insulating encapsulation 160. In someembodiments, the CoWoS package structure P1 further includes anunderfill UF2 disposed between the interposer INT and the wiringsubstrate 150, wherein the underfill UF2 is laterally encapsulated bythe second insulating encapsulation 160.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, the lid 190 may be a metallic plate withfavorable thermal conductivity and structural strength. The minimumdistance D between the lid 190 and the wiring substrate 150 is greaterthan the maximum thickness T1 of the second insulating encapsulation160. In some embodiments, the minimum distance D between the lid 190 andthe wiring substrate 150 substantially equals to a sum of the maximumthickness T1 of the second insulating encapsulation 160 and thethickness T2 of the thermal interface material 170. The minimum distanceD between the lid 190 and the wiring substrate 150 may range from about800 micrometers to about 1200 micrometers, the maximum thickness T2 ofthe second insulating encapsulation 160 may range from about 600micrometers to about 900 micrometers, and the thickness T1 of thethermal interface material 170 may range from about 50 micrometers toabout 300 micrometers.

Since the singulated structure SS is laterally encapsulated by theinsulating encapsulation 160, warpage of the CoWoS package structure P1is controlled. Furthermore, delamination issue of the adhesive 180 aswell as crack issue of the conductive bumps 122 a and 122 b resultedfrom the warpage of the CoWoS package structure P1 may be minimized.

FIG. 8 through FIG. 12 are cross-sectional views schematicallyillustrating various package structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the CoWoS package structure P2illustrated in FIG. 8 is similar with the CoWoS package structure P1illustrated in FIG. 7 except that the CoWoS package structure P2 furtherincludes a first metallic layer M1 disposed between the thermalinterface material 170 and the semiconductor die 120 a and a secondmetallic layer M2 disposed between the thermal interface material 170and the lid 190. In the present embodiment, the first metallic layer M1covers the back surface of the semiconductor die 120 and portions of theinsulating encapsulation 130 a′, the back surfaces of the semiconductordies 120 b and the top surface of the insulating encapsulation 130 a arenot covered by the first metallic layer M1. In the present embodiment,the second metallic layer M2 covers a portion of the thermal interfacematerial 170 and is located right above the first metallic layer M1, thesecond metallic layer M2 does not cover the adhesive 180. For example,the material of the first metallic layer M1 and the second metalliclayer M2 includes a conductive material or metal such as gold, indium,copper, silver, titanium gold alloy, lead, tin, nickel vanadium orcombination thereof.

The coverage of the first metallic layer M1 and the second metalliclayer M2 may be modified in accordance with design requirements. Inaccordance with design requirements, the first metallic layer M1 may notonly cover the back surface of the semiconductor die 120 a but alsocover the back surfaces of the semiconductor dies 120 b.

Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, the CoWoS package structure P3illustrated in FIG. 8 is similar with the CoWoS package structure P1illustrated in FIG. 7 except that the CoWoS package structure P3 furtherincludes a first metallic layer M1′ disposed between the thermalinterface material 170 and the semiconductor die 120 a and a secondmetallic layer M2′ disposed between the thermal interface material 170and the lid 190. In the present embodiment, the first metallic layer M1′entirely covers the back surfaces of the top surface of the insulatingencapsulation 130 a′, the top surface of the insulating encapsulation160 and the semiconductor dies 120 and 120 b. In the present embodiment,the second metallic layer M2′ entirely covers the top surface of thethermal interface material 170 and the top surface of the adhesive 180.In other words, the thermal interface material 170 and the adhesive 180are spaced apart from the singulated structure SS and the insulatingencapsulation 160 by the first metallic layer M1′, while the thermalinterface material 170 and the adhesive 180 are spaced apart from thelid 190 by the second metallic layer M2′. For example, the material ofthe first metallic layer M1′ and the second metallic layer M2′ includesa conductive material or metal such as gold, indium, copper, silver,titanium gold alloy, lead, tin, nickel vanadium or combination thereof.

The above-mentioned metallic layers M1, M2, M1′ and M2′ may furtherenhance heat dissipation performance of the CoWoS package structure P2and P3.

Referring to FIG. 10, a package structure including the CoWoS packagestructure P1, an underfill UF3 and a circuit board 200 (e.g., a printedcircuit board) is illustrated. The CoWoS package structure P1 isdisposed on and electrically connected to the circuit board 200 throughthe conductive terminals 152. The underfill UF3 fills a gap between theCoWoS package structure P1 and the circuit board 200 to encapsulate theconductive terminals 152. The conductive terminals 152 are laterallyencapsulated and protected by the underfills UF3 such that damage of theconductive terminals 152 resulted from Coefficient of Thermal Expansion(CTE) mismatch between the CoWoS package structure P1 and the circuitboard 200 may be prevented. Accordingly, reliability of the conductiveterminals 152 may be improved.

In some embodiments, the underfill UF3 not only fills the gap betweenthe CoWoS package structure P1 and the circuit board 200, but alsocovers sidewalls of the CoWoS package structure P1. As illustrated inFIG. 10, the underfill UF3 not only fills the gap between CoWoS packagestructure P1 and the circuit board 200, but also covers sidewalls of thewiring substrate 150.

Although FIG. 10 illustrates that the CoWoS package structure P1 ismounted on the circuit board, the present embodiment is not limitedthereto. Other type of CoWoS package structure, such as CoWoS packagestructure P2 illustrated in FIG. 8 or CoWoS package structure P3illustrated in FIG. 9, can be mounted onto the circuit board 200.

Referring to FIG. 11, a package structure including a CoWoS packagestructure P4, a circuit board 200 (e.g., a printed circuit board) and asocket board 300 disposed between the wiring substrate 150 of the CoWoSpackage structure P4 and the circuit board 200 is illustrated, whereinthe wiring substrate 150 of the CoWoS package structure P4 iselectrically connected to the circuit board 200 through the socket board300. Furthermore, the package structure illustrated in figure does notinclude an underfill located between the circuit board 200 and thesocket board 300.

As illustrated in FIG. 11, the CoWoS package structure P4 is modifiedfrom the CoWoS package structure P1 illustrated in FIG. 7. The CoWoSpackage structure P4 is similar to the CoWoS package structure P1 exceptthat the CoWoS package structure P4 does not include conductiveterminals 152 (i.e. conductive terminals 152 illustrated in FIG. 7). Thesocket board 300 includes multiple conductive pins 310 in contact withwirings in the wiring substrate 150 and the circuit board 200. In someembodiments, the socket board 300 includes pogo pins arranged in array,wherein the pogo pins are in contact with and electrically connected towirings in the wiring substrate 150 and the circuit board 200.

Although FIG. 11 illustrates that the CoWoS package structure P4 ismounted on the circuit board, the present embodiment is not limitedthereto. Other type of CoWoS package structure can be mounted onto thecircuit board 200 through the socket board 300. In some otherembodiment, a CoWoS package structure which is modified from the CoWoSpackage structure P2 illustrated in FIG. 8 may be mounted onto thecircuit board 200 through the socket board 300, and the CoWoS packagestructure which is modified from the CoWoS package structure P2 does notinclude conductive terminals (i.e. conductive terminals 152 illustratedin FIG. 8). In some alternative embodiment, a CoWoS package structurewhich is modified from the CoWoS package structure P3 illustrated inFIG. 9 may be mounted onto the circuit board 200 through the socketboard 300, and the CoWoS package structure which is modified from theCoWoS package structure P3 does not include conductive terminals (i.e.conductive terminals 152 illustrated in FIG. 9).

Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 12, the CoWoS package structure P5illustrated in FIG. 12 is similar with the CoWoS package structure P1illustrated in FIG. 7 except that the CoWoS package structure P5 furtherincludes a reinforcement structure 165 embedded in the insulatingencapsulation 160. The reinforcement structure 165 is disposed on thewiring substrate 150 and surrounds the singulated structure SS. Thereinforcement structure 165 is spaced apart from the singulatedstructure SS by the insulating encapsulation 160. The reinforcementstructure 165 is in contact with and covered by the adhesive 180.Furthermore, the thickness of the reinforcement structure 165 issubstantially equal to the thickness (i.e. the thickness T2 illustratedin FIG. 7) of the insulating encapsulation 160.

FIG. 13A through FIG. 13G are top views schematically illustratingvarious reinforcement structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 13A through FIG. 13G, various reinforcement structures165 are illustrated. In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 13A,the reinforcement structure 165 includes a single ring-shaped pattern,and the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are surrounded by the singlering-shaped pattern. In some other embodiments, as illustrated in FIG.13B, the reinforcement structure 165 includes a pair of C-shapedpatterns, and the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are surrounded bythe pair of C-shaped patterns. In some alternative embodiments, asillustrated in FIG. 13C, the reinforcement structure 165 includes agroup of bar-shaped patterns including a pair of horizontal bar-shapedpatterns and a pair of vertical bar-shaped patterns, and thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are surrounded by the group ofbar-shaped patterns. In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 13D,the reinforcement structure 165 includes an inner ring-shaped patternand an outer ring-shaped pattern surrounding the inner ring-shapedpattern, and the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are surrounded bythe inner ring-shaped pattern and the outer ring-shaped pattern. In someother embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 13E, the reinforcementstructure 165 includes a pair of vertical bar-shaped patterns, and thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are located between the pair ofvertical bar-shaped patterns. In some alternative embodiments, asillustrated in FIG. 13F, the reinforcement structure 165 includes a pairof horizontal bar-shaped patterns, and the semiconductor dies 120 a and120 b are located between the pair of horizontal bar-shaped patterns. Insome alternative embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 13G, thereinforcement structure 165 includes a pair of L-shaped patterns, andthe semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are located between the pair ofL-shaped patterns.

The shape, distribution and the dimension of the reinforcement structure165 is not limited in the present disclosure. Other types ofreinforcement structures which are not illustrated in FIG. 13A throughFIG. 13G may be applied as well.

FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are cross-sectional views schematically illustratingvarious package structures in accordance with some alternativeembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 14, the package structure P6 illustratedin FIG. 14 is similar to the package structure P5 illustrated in FIG. 12except that the package structure P6 further includes screws 400penetrating through the lid 190 and the adhesive 180, wherein the lid190 is fastened to the reinforcement structure 165 through screws 400.

Referring to FIG. 15, the package structure P6 illustrated in FIG. 14 issimilar to the package structure P5 illustrated in FIG. 12 except thatthe package structure P6 further includes screws 500 penetrating throughthe lid 190, the adhesive 180 and the reinforcement structure 165,wherein lid 190 is fastened to the reinforcement structure 165 and thewiring substrate 150 through screws 500.

FIG. 16A through FIG. 16E are top views schematically illustratingvarious reinforcement structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 16A through FIG. 16E, various reinforcement structures165 fastened by screws 400 or 500 are illustrated. In some embodiments,as illustrated in FIG. 16A, the reinforcement structure 165 includes asingle ring-shaped pattern fastened by screws 400 or 500, and thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are surrounded by the singlering-shaped pattern. In some other embodiments, as illustrated in FIG.16B, the reinforcement structure 165 includes a pair of C-shapedpatterns fastened by screws 400 or 500, and the semiconductor dies 120 aand 120 b are surrounded by the pair of C-shaped patterns. In somealternative embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 16C, the reinforcementstructure 165 includes a group of bar-shaped patterns including a pairof horizontal bar-shaped patterns and a pair of vertical bar-shapedpatterns, and the semiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are surrounded bythe group of bar-shaped patterns. In some other embodiments, asillustrated in FIG. 16D, the reinforcement structure 165 includes a pairof vertical bar-shaped patterns fastened by screws 400 or 500, and thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are located between the pair ofvertical bar-shaped patterns. In some alternative embodiments, asillustrated in FIG. 16E, the reinforcement structure 165 includes a pairof horizontal bar-shaped patterns fastened by screws 400 or 500, and thesemiconductor dies 120 a and 120 b are located between the pair ofhorizontal bar-shaped patterns.

The shape, distribution and the dimension of the reinforcement structure165 is not limited in the present disclosure. Other types ofreinforcement structures which are not illustrated in FIG. 16A throughFIG. 16E may be applied as well.

FIG. 17 through FIG. 21 are cross-sectional views schematicallyillustrating various package structures in accordance with some otherembodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 17, the package structure P8 illustrated in FIG. 17 issimilar to the package structure P4 illustrated in FIG. 11 except thatthe package structure P8 further includes a reinforcement structure 165embedded in the insulating encapsulation 160 and screws 600 penetratingthrough the lid 190, the adhesive 180, the reinforcement structure 165,the wiring substrate 150, the socket board 300 and the circuit board200.

Referring to FIG. 18, the package structure P9 illustrated in FIG. 18 issimilar to the package structure P8 illustrated in FIG. 17 except thatthe package structure P9 includes a lid 190 a having enhanced heatdissipation performance. The lid 190 a may serve and function as a heatsink. The lid 190 a may include base plate 192 and multiple heatdissipation fins 194 protruding upwardly from the base plate 192.

Referring to FIG. 19, the package structure P10 illustrated in FIG. 19is similar to the package structure P8 illustrated in FIG. 17 exceptthat the lid 190 is attached to the insulating encapsulation 160, thereinforcement structure 165 and the singulated structure SS through thethermal interface material 170 a. In other words, the top surface of thesingulated structure SS and the top surface of the insulatingencapsulation 160 are entirely covered by the thermal interface material170, and formation of the adhesive 180 illustrated in FIG. 17 isomitted.

Referring to FIG. 20, the package structure P11 illustrated in FIG. 20is similar to the package structure P9 illustrated in FIG. 18 exceptthat the lid 190 a is attached to the insulating encapsulation 160, thereinforcement structure 165 and the singulated structure SS through thethermal interface material 170 a. In other words, the top surface of thesingulated structure SS and the top surface of the insulatingencapsulation 160 are entirely covered by the thermal interface material170, and formation of the adhesive 180 illustrated in FIG. 18 isomitted.

Referring to FIG. 21, the package structure P12 illustrated in FIG. 21is similar to the CoWoS package structure P1 illustrated in FIG. 7except that the package structure P12 includes a thermal enhanced lid190 b, and the lid 190 b includes an inlet 191, an outlet 193 and flowchannels 195, the flow channels 195 are in communicated with the inlet191 and the outlet 193, and a coolant C enters the flow channel 195through the inlet 191 and leaves the flow channel 195 through the outlet193. In some embodiments, sidewalls of the insulating encapsulation 130a′ are substantially aligned with sidewalls of the interposer INT.

As illustrated in FIG. 21, the package structure P12 may further includewater-proof ring 197 (e.g., O-ring) disposed between the lid 190 b andthe insulating encapsulation 106 such that the coolant 197 can beconfined within the flow channel 195. In addition, the package structureP12 may further include a backside metal 198 and solder material 199 onthe backside metal 198, wherein the backside metal 198 covers thesingulated structure SS and portions of the insulating encapsulation160, the solder material 199 is disposed on the backside metal 198, andthe solder material is sandwiched between the backside metal 198 and thelid 190 b. The lid 190 b is attached on the singulated structure SSthrough the backside metal 198 and the solder material 199, and the lid190 b is adhered with the insulating encapsulation 160 through theadhesive 180.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, since the singulated structure SS islaterally encapsulated by the insulating encapsulation 160, warpage ofthe package structures P1-P12 may be properly controlled. Furthermore,delamination issue happened in the package structures P1-P12 and crackissue of the conductive bumps (i.e. bumps 122 a and 122 b) may beminimized. The insulating encapsulation 160 in the package structuresP1-P12 provides favorable support for the lid 190, 190 a or 190 b, andaccordingly, fabrication yields of the package structures P1-P12 mayincrease.

In accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure, a structureincluding a wiring substrate, an interposer disposed on and electricallyconnected to the wiring substrate, a semiconductor die disposed on andelectrically connected to the interposer, a first insulatingencapsulation disposed on the interposer, a second insulatingencapsulation disposed on the wiring substrate, and a lid is provided.The semiconductor die is laterally encapsulated by the first insulatingencapsulation. The semiconductor die and the first insulatingencapsulation are laterally encapsulated by the second insulatingencapsulation. A top surface of the first insulating encapsulation issubstantially leveled with a top surface of the second insulatingencapsulation and a surface of the semiconductor die. The lid isdisposed on the semiconductor die, the first insulating encapsulationand the second insulating encapsulation. In some embodiments, thestructure further includes an adhesive disposed between the secondinsulating encapsulation and the lid; and a thermal interface materialdisposed between the semiconductor die and the lid. In some embodiments,the structure further includes a first metallic layer disposed betweenthe thermal interface material and the semiconductor die; and a secondmetallic layer disposed between the thermal interface material and thelid. In some embodiments, the lid includes an inlet, an outlet and flowchannels, the flow channels are in communicated with the inlet and theoutlet, and a coolant enters the flow channel through the inlet andleaves the flow channel through the outlet. In some embodiments,sidewalls of the first insulating encapsulation are substantiallyaligned with sidewalls of the interposer. In some embodiments, a firsttop surface of the first insulating encapsulation is substantiallyleveled with a second top surface of the second insulatingencapsulation. In some embodiments, the structure further includes anunderfill disposed between the interposer and the wiring substrate,wherein the underfill is laterally encapsulated by the second insulatingencapsulation. In some embodiments, the structure further includes areinforcement structure embedded in the second insulating encapsulation.In some embodiments, the structure further includes a circuit board anda socket board disposed between the wiring substrate and the circuitboard, wherein the wiring substrate is electrically connected to thecircuit board through the socket board.

In accordance with some other embodiments of the disclosure, a structureincluding a wiring substrate, an interposer disposed on the wiringsubstrate, a semiconductor die disposed on the interposer, a firstinsulating encapsulation disposed on the interposer, an underfill filledbetween the wiring substrate and the interposer, a second insulatingencapsulation disposed on the wiring substrate, and a heat sink isprovided. The interposer is electrically connected to the wiringsubstrate through first conductive bumps. The semiconductor die iselectrically connected to the interposer through second conductivebumps. The first insulating encapsulation laterally encapsulates thesemiconductor die and the second conductive bumps. The underfilllaterally encapsulates the first conductive bumps. The second insulatingencapsulation laterally encapsulates the first insulating encapsulationand the underfill. The heat sink is attached to the semiconductor die,the first insulating encapsulation and the second insulatingencapsulation through a thermal interface material. In some embodiments,the structure further includes an adhesive disposed between the secondinsulating encapsulation and the lid, wherein the adhesive surrounds andis in contact with the thermal interface material. In some embodiments,sidewalls of the first insulating encapsulation are substantiallyaligned with sidewalls of the interposer, and a first top surface of thefirst insulating encapsulation is substantially leveled with a secondtop surface of the second insulating encapsulation. In some embodiments,the structure further includes a circuit board, wherein the wiringsubstrate is electrically connected to the circuit board. In someembodiments, the structure further includes a socket board disposedbetween the wiring substrate and the circuit board, wherein the wiringsubstrate is electrically connected to the circuit board through thesocket board. In some embodiments, the structure further includes areinforcement structure embedded in the second insulating encapsulation.In some embodiments, the heat sink is fastened to the reinforcementstructure through screws. In some embodiments, the heat sink is fastenedto the reinforcement structure and the wiring substrate through screws.

In accordance with some other embodiments of the disclosure, a structureincluding a wiring substrate, an interposer disposed on and electricallyconnected to the wiring substrate, a semiconductor die disposed on andelectrically connected to the interposer, a first insulatingencapsulation disposed on the interposer, a second insulatingencapsulation disposed on the wiring substrate, and a lid is provided.The semiconductor die is laterally encapsulated by the first insulatingencapsulation. The semiconductor die and the first insulatingencapsulation are laterally encapsulated by the second insulatingencapsulation. The lid is disposed on the semiconductor die, the firstinsulating encapsulation and the second insulating encapsulation,wherein a minimum distance between the lid and the wiring substrate isgreater than a maximum thickness of the second insulating encapsulation.In some embodiments, the structure further includes a thermal interfacematerial disposed between the semiconductor die and the lid. In someembodiments, the minimum distance between the lid and the wiringsubstrate substantially equals to a sum of the maximum thickness of thesecond insulating encapsulation and a thickness of the thermal interfacematerial.

The foregoing outlines features of several embodiments so that thoseskilled in the art may better understand the aspects of the presentdisclosure. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they mayreadily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifyingother processes and structures for carrying out the same purposes and/orachieving the same advantages of the embodiments introduced herein.Those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalentconstructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the presentdisclosure, and that they may make various changes, substitutions, andalterations herein without departing from the spirit and scope of thepresent disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A structure, comprising: a wiring substrate; aninterposer disposed on and electrically connected to the wiringsubstrate; a semiconductor die disposed on and electrically connected tothe interposer; a first insulating encapsulation disposed on theinterposer, wherein the semiconductor die is laterally encapsulated bythe first insulating encapsulation; a second insulating encapsulationdisposed on the wiring substrate, wherein the semiconductor die and thefirst insulating encapsulation are laterally encapsulated by the secondinsulating encapsulation; and a lid disposed on the semiconductor die,the first insulating encapsulation and the second insulatingencapsulation, wherein a top surface of the first insulatingencapsulation is substantially level with a top surface of the secondinsulating encapsulation and a surface of the semiconductor die.
 2. Thestructure as claimed in claim 1 further comprising: an adhesive disposedbetween the second insulating encapsulation and the lid; and a thermalinterface material disposed between the semiconductor die and the lid.3. The structure as claimed in claim 2 further comprising: a firstmetallic layer disposed between the thermal interface material and thesemiconductor die; and a second metallic layer disposed between thethermal interface material and the lid.
 4. The structure as claimed inclaim 1, wherein the lid comprises an inlet, an outlet and flowchannels, the flow channels are in communicated with the inlet and theoutlet, and a coolant enters the flow channel through the inlet andleaves the flow channel through the outlet.
 5. The structure as claimedin claim 1, wherein sidewalls of the first insulating encapsulation aresubstantially aligned with sidewalls of the interposer.
 6. The structureas claimed in claim 1, wherein a first top surface of the firstinsulating encapsulation is substantially level with a second topsurface of the second insulating encapsulation.
 7. The structure asclaimed in claim 1 further comprising: an underfill disposed between theinterposer and the wiring substrate, wherein the underfill is laterallyencapsulated by the second insulating encapsulation.
 8. The structure asclaimed in claim 1 further comprising: a reinforcement structureembedded in the second insulating encapsulation.
 9. The structure asclaimed in claim 1 further comprising: a circuit board; and a socketboard disposed between the wiring substrate and the circuit board,wherein the wiring substrate is electrically connected to the circuitboard through the socket board.
 10. A structure, comprising: a wiringsubstrate; an interposer disposed on the wiring substrate, wherein theinterposer is electrically connected to the wiring substrate throughfirst conductive bumps; a semiconductor die disposed on the interposer,wherein the semiconductor die is electrically connected to theinterposer through second conductive bumps; a first insulatingencapsulation disposed on the interposer, wherein the first insulatingencapsulation laterally encapsulates the semiconductor die and thesecond conductive bumps; an underfill filled between the wiringsubstrate and the interposer, wherein the underfill laterallyencapsulates the first conductive bumps; a second insulatingencapsulation disposed on the wiring substrate, wherein the secondinsulating encapsulation laterally encapsulates the first insulatingencapsulation and the underfill; and a heat sink attached to thesemiconductor die, the first insulating encapsulation and the secondinsulating encapsulation through a thermal interface material.
 11. Thestructure as claimed in claim 10 further comprising: an adhesivedisposed between the second insulating encapsulation and the lid,wherein the adhesive surrounds and is in contact with the thermalinterface material.
 12. The structure as claimed in claim 10, whereinsidewalls of the first insulating encapsulation are substantiallyaligned with sidewalls of the interposer, and a first top surface of thefirst insulating encapsulation is substantially level with a second topsurface of the second insulating encapsulation.
 13. The structure asclaimed in claim 10 further comprising: a circuit board, wherein thewiring substrate is electrically connected to the circuit board.
 14. Thestructure as claimed in claim 13 further comprising: a socket boarddisposed between the wiring substrate and the circuit board, wherein thewiring substrate is electrically connected to the circuit board throughthe socket board.
 15. The structure as claimed in claim 10 furthercomprising: a reinforcement structure embedded in the second insulatingencapsulation.
 16. The structure as claimed in claim 15, wherein theheat sink is fastened to the reinforcement structure through screws. 17.The structure as claimed in claim 15, wherein the heat sink is fastenedto the reinforcement structure and the wiring substrate through screws.18. A structure, comprising: a wiring substrate; an interposer disposedon and electrically connected to the wiring substrate; a semiconductordie disposed on and electrically connected to the interposer; a firstinsulating encapsulation disposed on the interposer, wherein thesemiconductor die is laterally encapsulated by the first insulatingencapsulation; a second insulating encapsulation disposed on the wiringsubstrate, wherein the semiconductor die and the first insulatingencapsulation are laterally encapsulated by the second insulatingencapsulation; and a lid disposed on the semiconductor die, the firstinsulating encapsulation and the second insulating encapsulation,wherein a minimum distance between the lid and the wiring substrate isgreater than a maximum thickness of the second insulating encapsulation.19. The structure as claimed in claim 18 further comprising: a thermalinterface material disposed between the semiconductor die and the lid.20. The structure as claimed in claim 19, wherein the minimum distancebetween the lid and the wiring substrate substantially equals to a sumof the maximum thickness of the second insulating encapsulation and athickness of the thermal interface material.